C:\UPSC\GS4\2026\Q-19.txt
Case Studies on Ethical DilemmasEXAMINEYear 202620 Marks
Concept / Statute•Directive•Institution / Stakeholder

Ajit is Head of Department of Weapon Sales. Country A (stable developing nation with R&D cooperation, needs long-term loan for self-defense) and Country B (authoritarian, nuclear-armed, cuts welfare for arms, offers cash advance, in economic bloc negotiations) both want to buy domestically produced missiles. Production capacity allows only one order. (a) Discuss options and justify recommendation. (b) Balance economic/strategic interests with ethics.

Exact Syllabus Pointer

Case studies on problems of integrity, conflict of interest, crisis management, political pressure, social boycott, ethical dilemmas in public office.

Connected Questions Across All Papers

Discovered through overlapping concepts: Case Study on Arms Export Ethics, Strategic Partnership vs Financial Gain, Human Rights Record in Defense Sales

Recurring Theme Trend: “Case Study on Arms Export Ethics”

3 questions across 14 yrs

Frequency of UPSC CSE Mains questions testing this core concept, landmark doctrine, or foundational syllabus theme (2013-2026)

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